人格利益的精神赔偿问题研究

　　本篇论文快速导航：

第1部分　人格利益的精神赔偿问题研究
第2部分　人格物的源起
第3部分　人格物的界定
第4部分　人格物精神损害赔偿的法理分析
第5部分　人格物精神损害赔偿的赔偿标准
第6部分　人格物被侵犯的精神赔偿分析结语与参考文献

　　摘 要

　　我国最高人民法院于 2001 年 3 月 10 日出台《精神损害赔偿解释》，该解释中首次出现了一个新的概念用语--具有人格象征意义的特定纪念物品，这着实是一个创造性的举动。然而，具体到司法实践中如何适用该解释，如何认定某物是具有人格象征意义的特定纪念物品，没有具体标准。国内外学者对于此种特定物的具体概念用语和范围外延众说纷纭：有学者称其为“人格物”、“人格财产”、“具有人格利益的财产”、“包含人身利益的财产”、“‘必要的’个人财产”等，在综合对比分析的基础上，人格物的这一概念得到笔者的青睐。不仅仅是学术界，司法界对人格物这一概念亦不陌生，如结婚戒指、祖传画像、祖坟等等。人格物区别于一般物的特性就在于其上所承载的人格利益，承认该人格利益并给予其精神损害赔偿的保护就显得顺理成章。

　　文章第一部分，从民法中人和物的概念及其关系演变，以及民事主体和民事客体的角度，阐述人与物、人格与财产的二元区分和融合，进而引出人格物概念出现的必然性，并简要介绍了我国学理界和司法实践中出现的人格物。

　　文章第二部分，拟界定人格物的概念内涵和范围外延。首先，对人格物的概念进行界定并剖析了人格物的法律特征；其次，比较分析人格物与类似概念的异同，得出确立这一法律概念的应然性；最后，关于人格物的范围外延，试着从不同的视角对人格物的种类进行界定，并着重分析了目前理论界有争议的几种典型的人格物，提出自己的看法。

　　文章第三部分，分别从人格物本身的特殊性、其蕴含的社会伦理意义和所体现的法律价值三方面，论证给予人格物精神损害赔偿的正当性，为其提供强有力的理论支撑。

　　文章第四部分，通过对比分析人格物的损害赔偿与一般物的损害赔偿以及与人格精神损害赔偿的区别，对确定人格物独特的赔偿标准提出建议。

　　关键词：人格， 人格物， 人格利益， 精神损害赔偿

　　Abstract

　　March 10, 2001, Supreme People's Court announced the determination of tort liability fordamages the spirit of a number of issues of interpretation （ hereinafter referred to as interpretation ） .

　　The interpretation of Article 4 creatively put forward with a particular personality symbolicmementos concept. But what should be applicable in practice, such an interpretation, the judgehow to identify what things are symbolic with personality specific commemorative items, notspecified. Domestic and foreign scholars for specific compounds herein specific concept terms andscope extension guess: Some scholars call Personhood Property, character property, havingpersonal interests in property, contains the personal interests of the property, necessary personalproperty, in the comprehensive comparative analysis, based on the concept of personality matter toget the author 's favor. than just academia, the judiciary nor the concept of personality unfamiliarobjects, such as wedding rings, ancestral portrait, graves etc. personality thing different from thegeneral properties of matter lies in its bearing on the personal interests, personal interests andrecognition of the spiritual damages to its protection becomes a matter of course .

　　The first part of the paper starts with the civil law concept of people and objects and theirrelationships evolve, as well as civil entities and civilian objects perspective to explain and objects,binary distinction between personality and property and integration, and thus leads to the conceptof personality thing appears inevitability and briefly describes the emergence of academic andjudicial personality thing.

　　The second part of the paper intended to define the connotation of the concept of personalitymatter and scope extension. First, define the concept of personality and physical analysis of thelegal characteristics of personality thing; Second, comparative analysis of physical and personalitysimilarities and differences between similar concepts, establish this legal concept derived Ought;Finally, on the extension of the scope of personality thing , try from a different perspective on thepersonality type of material to define and focus on analysis of the current theorists have disputedseveral typical personality thing, put forward their own views.

Tags： 人格  精神  问题  利益  赔偿  研究 

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